Medium-Hard Analyze Rate Limiting & Throttling open_ended

What are the trade-offs between rate limiting at the CDN edge vs at the application?

Analyze — Tests ability to break down and examine complex problems.

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This question is from the Rate Limiting & Throttling topic (System Design).

What HTTP status code should a rate limiter return when a limit is exceeded?

Which rate limiting algorithm allows a burst of requests followed by a sustained rate?

The leaky bucket algorithm smooths output regardless of input burst rate.

Explain the boundary burst problem with fixed window rate limiting.

Implement a token bucket rate limiter in Redis that allows 10 RPS with burst of 50.